list of fda approved covid tests
list of fda approved covid tests

Antibody tests should not be used to diagnose a current SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 and, at this time, should also not be used to check for immunity. On July 21, 2020, FDA determined, based on information and experience since issuing this EUA, that circumstances support revocation of this umbrella EUA so that FDA may issue individual EUAs. Nelson Mullins cannot represent you until the firm knows there would not be a conflict of interest, and the firm determines that it is otherwise able to accept the engagement. FDA recommends repeating COVID-19 at-home test in 48 hours if negative The Food and Drug Administration yesterday advised people who get a negative result from an at-home COVID-19 antigen test to test themselves again after Headline CDC updates public health guidance for preventing COVID-19 illness This revision does not apply to EUAs for authorized IL-6 assays or standalone specimen collection devices and does not apply to EUAs that include substantially equivalent viral mutation conditions of authorization. The revised Letter of Authorization establishes one additional Condition of Authorization and also eliminates one Condition of Authorization that is no longer needed. vaccines accepted will include FDA approved or authorized and WHO Emergency Use Listing vaccines. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. The FDA is committed to helping ensure the public has access to a wide variety of test options for COVID-19. M - Laboratories certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA), 42 U.S.C. The table below lists FDA-authorized at-home OTC COVID-19 diagnostic tests, and includes information on expiration dates, who can use the test, and other details that may help you decide what test is right for you. Molecular tests are more. Also in May, it received EUA from the FDA for a molecular COVID-19 test for use on the company's Alinity molecular laboratory instrument. "As more testing has been done, they've been able to evaluate those tests for a longer period of time," she said. Appendix J - Sample Updated Fact Sheet for Health Care Providers, Appendix K - Sample Updated Fact Sheet for Patients, EUA Letter of Authorization - Umbrella EUA for SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Diagnostic Tests for Serial Testing, Appendix L - Fact Sheet for Health Care Providers (Template), Appendix M - Fact Sheet for Patients (Template), Laboratories Who Have Developed a Molecular-Based Test (LDTs) for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Orig3n 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Test, Biocollections Worldwide SARS-Co-V-2 Assay, Avera Institute for Human Genetics SARS-CoV-2 Assay, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Saliva, Multiple Targets, RT, LAMP, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Saliva, Screening, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, Screening, Pooling, Laboratory Corporation of America (Labcorp), Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Multi-analyte, Home Collection, Single Target, End-Point RT-PCR, Screening, Multiple Targets, Home Collection Kit, Screening, Single Target, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Screening, Multiple Targets, RT, LAMP, Lateral Flow Strips, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target, Real-time RT-PCR, Multi-analyte, Multiple Targets, Cleveland Clinic Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Real-time RT-PCR, Multi-analyte, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Saliva, Home Collection, Screening, Pooling, Single Target, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Home Collection Kit, Saliva, Screening, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, The Mount Sinai Hospital, Center for Clinical Laboratories, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Saliva, Screening, Multiple Targets, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC), Real-time RT-PCR, Pooling, Multiple Targets, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Public Health, RT-PCR and electrochemical detection, Single Target, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Pooling, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Pooling, Screening, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Pooling, Screening, Multiple Targets, RT, Nested multiplex PCR, Pooling, Saliva, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Pooling, Screening, Saliva, Multiple Targets, RT, Isothermal amplification, Single Target, RT-PCR, Collection Kit, Saliva, Multiple Targets, RT-PCR, CoPrimer technology, Single Target, Real-time RT-digital PCR, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Screening, Multiple Targets, RT, Isothermal amplification, Multiple Targets, RT-PCR, Home Collection, Saliva, Single Target, Fast Track Diagnostics Luxembourg S..r.l. Most over-the-counter COVID-19 tests are antigen tests. H - Laboratories certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA), 42 U.S.C. SAN DIEGO Pilot projects launched last year to examine how information warfare gurus can enhance submarine operations may yield long-term plans. Diagnostics able to detect current, active infections are typically antigen- and molecular-based tests. 263a, that meet requirements to perform high complexity tests. There are two types of COVID-19 diagnostic tests, molecular and antigen, which detect different parts of the virus. At-Home COVID-19 Antigen Tests-Take Steps to Reduce Your Risk of False Negative, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target,Telehealth Proctor Supervised (optional), Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Multiple Targets, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Digital Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Fluorescence, Instrument Read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Chromatographic Digital Immunoassay, Instrument Read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Microfluidic Immunofluorescence Assay, Instrument Read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Single Target, Serial Screening, Lateral Flow, Fluorescence, Instrument Read, Multi-Analyte, Single Target, Magnetic Force-assisted Electrochemical Sandwich Immunoassay (MESIA), Single Target, Lateral flow immunoluminescent assay, instrument read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Fluorescence, Instrument Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Telehealth Proctor Supervised, Serial Screening, Single Target, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay, Instrument Read, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Multi-analyte, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Prescription Home Testing, Single Target, Chromatographic Digital Immunoassay, Instrument Read, Multi-analyte, Single Target, Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Biosensor, Instrument Read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Serial Screening, Multiple Targets, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Serial Screening, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Fluorescence, Instrument Read, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read,Serial Screening, Single Target, Digital Lateral Flow, Fluorescence, Instrument Read, Single Target, Lateral Flow, Visual Read, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Serial Testing, Serial Screening, Single Target. Authorized at-home OTC tests are available without a prescription and are typically available online or at local stores. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. On November 1, 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) updated the emergency use authorizations (EUAs) of all COVID-19 antigen tests to revise the authorized uses and require updates to product labeling regarding repeat or serial testing. KOMU 8 Alternate brand name: GoodToKnow COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test, Alternate brand name: GoToKnow COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test, Alternate brand name: QuickFinder COVID-19 Antigen Self Test. The test is to be performed two times over three days (serial testing). This table includes information about authorized SARS-CoV-2 antigen diagnostic tests that have been authorized individually. Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd. GK Pharmaceuticals Contract Manufacturing Operations, Real-time RT-PCR, Saliva, Pooling, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Multiple Targets, Pooled Serial Screening Media, RT-PCR and MALDI-TOF Mass Spec. The templates reflect the FDA's current thinking on the data and information that developers should submit to facilitate the EUA process. Some at-home rapid tests on the FDA-approved list that could arrive . The site is secure. OTC - Over The Counter. Availability: This test is available online with or without a prescription, SELF explained previously.To get it, you'll first have to fill out a survey to make sure you meet the criteria for . The FDA said the tests. Age 2 years and older when collected by an adult, Requires supervision of a telehealth proctor and a smartphone or computer, People with symptoms that began within the last 7 days, People without symptoms. Below is a list of the 11 tests currently approved by the FDA for use at home: The Food and Drug Administration has released the most current list of approved at-home COVID-19 tests. For example, tests authorized for the screening of asymptomatic individuals without known exposure are listed with "screening" in the attribute column; pooling, multi-analyte, saliva, home collection, and home testing are similarly listed. The letter also eliminates a Condition of Authorization concerning the collection of additional . Here are nine FDA-authorized at-home COVID-19 tests you can order right now: iHealth COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Test, 2 Pack, $17.98; amazon.com On/Go At-Home COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Test,. For details about each authorized COVID-19 diagnostic test, see the lists of authorized Molecular Diagnostic Tests and Antigen Diagnostic Tests, as well as the At-Home COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests webpage. . You can use the Test Type drop down box to select a Type of Test. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. For additional information on reading and understanding your test results, see Understanding At-Home OTC COVID-19 Antigen Diagnostic Test Results. Requires a Cue Cartridge Reader (sold separately). Templates for EUA submissions for several types of COVID-19 tests are available to help facilitate the preparation, submission, and authorization of an EUA request: These templates are part of the Policy for Coronavirus Disease-2019 Tests (Revised),which also includes additional policies specific to this public health emergency. {or self-collected at home using the following authorized home collection kit(s): [specific named home collection kit(s) with which the test was validated] when used consistent with the home collection kit's authorization for individuals tested at least once per week}, See Appendix A table below for a list of tests authorized under this EUA. Any test developer requesting an EUA that intends to leverage data from another developer's EUA-authorized device must obtain a right of reference to leverage the performance data for that EUA-authorized device. The test is to be performed two times over three days (serial testing), Alternate brand name: On/go COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test, Alternate brand name: On/Go One COVID-19 Antigen Home Test, Requires a Metrix Reader (sold separately). BinaxNOW, however,. The site is secure. The test is to be performed two times over three days (serial testing). "Most manufacturers have an ability where you can call or check online," Morrissey said. There are two types of COVID-19 diagnostic tests, molecular and antigen, which detect different parts of the virus. As set forth in the September 23, 2021 letter, developers of authorized tests that are within the scope of the revision are now required to routinely monitor emerging viral mutations and their potential impact on the performance of the authorized SARS-CoV-2 test(s). Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Medical Devices, Recalls, Market Withdrawals and Safety Alerts, Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Medical Devices, Counterfeit At-Home OTC COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests, At-Home COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests: Frequently Asked Questions, Blood Specimen Collection Tube Shortage: Frequently Asked Questions, Antibody (Serology) Testing for COVID-19: Information for Patients and Consumers, Emergency Use Authorization of COVID-19 Tests: Independent Assessment of the FDAs Response, Face Masks, Barrier Face Coverings, Surgical Masks, and Respirators for COVID-19, Medical Device Supply Chain Notifications During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Medical Device Shortages During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency, Supplies of Medical Devices for COVID-19: Frequently Asked Questions, Medical Device Types to Help Determine Section 506J Notification Obligations, Non-contact Temperature Assessment Devices During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Adverse Event Reporting for Medical Devices Under Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) or Discussed in COVID-19-Related Guidance Documents, Contacts for Medical Devices During the COVID-19 Pandemic, General Information About At-Home OTC COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests, List of Authorized At-Home OTC COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests, In Vitro Diagnostics EUAs: Tables of IVD EUAs, See link for list of updated expiration dates, Cue COVID-19 Test for Home and Over The Counter (OTC) Use, MaximBio ClearDetect COVID-19 Antigen Home Test, link for list of updated expiration dates, INDICAID COVID-19 Rapid Antigen At-Home Test, CLINITEST Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test, Speedy Swab Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test, Understanding At-Home OTC COVID-19 Antigen Diagnostic Test Results, At-Home COVID-19 Antigen Tests-Take Steps to Reduce Your Risk of False Negative: FDA Safety Communication, COVID-19 Testing: What You Need to Know | CDC, COVID-19 Self-Testing At-Home or Anywhere | CDC, What to Do If You Were Exposed to COVID-19 | CDC, Isolation and Precautions for People with COVID-19 | CDC. KBIA | 1. iHealth COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Test iHealth is another top-rated test brand that has an FDA-authorized at-home test kit for COVID-19. For best results, the company says to wait at least 24 hours (but no more than 48 hours) in between tests. Over the following month and a half, regulators in various countries approved Pfizer's vaccine for emergency use. People with symptoms that began within the last 4 days. There are several types of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 related IVDs: The web pages below include tables of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 related IVDs with emergency use authorizations (EUAs). Headline Venous blood samples are typically collected at a doctors office or clinic. Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum.Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfast cereals, snack foods, bagels, teas, hot chocolate and traditional foods.The aroma and flavour of cinnamon derive from its essential oil and principal . Another way to find the updated list of expiration dates is on the FDA's website. You can also use an FDA-authorized at-home COVID-19 diagnostic test which gives you the option of self-testing where it is convenient for you. There are two main types of viral tests: nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and antigen tests. Health Canada 50.5%. Please keep in mind that merely contacting Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP will not establish an attorney-client relationship. An official website of the United States government, : W - Patient care settings operating under a CLIA Certificate of Waiver. . On September 23, 2021, the FDA revised the EUAs of certain molecular, antigen, and serology tests to establish additional Conditions of Authorization in response to the continued emergence of. A molecular test detects the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2. The list of FDA-authorized tests includes both rapid tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, which are the two types offered at most testing sites. The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. Lab is submitting data to CalREDIE (either . Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. There are two types of COVID-19 diagnostic tests, molecular and antigen, which detect different parts of the virus. More research is needed to determine what, if anything, antibody tests can tell us about a persons immunity. Viral Mutation Revision Letter September 23, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 Viral Mutations: Impact on COVID-19 Tests. Most authorized at-home OTC COVID-19 tests are antigen tests, and there. Since the start of the pandemic, we authorized over 300 tests and collection kits, including: An official website of the United States government, : Different tests are authorized to be used with different types of samples. Covering Phoenix, Mesa, Glendale, Scottsdale, Gilbert, the valley . Since the start of. A COVID-19 test done with a sample of your blood (serology) only detects if your body has developed antibodies in response to the COVID-19 virus. The FDA has 17 authorized at-home rapid tests for detecting COVID-19 and advises people only use authorized tests to avoid false negatives. Below is a list of the 11 tests currently approved by the FDA for use at home: CareStart COVID-19 Antigen Home Test iHealth COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test BD Veritor At-Home COVID-19. , Multiple Targets, RT-PCR, Microarray Hybridization, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, RT, Nested multiplex PCR, Multi-analyte, Multiple Targets, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), RT-PCR and electrochemical detection, Multi-analyte, Single Target, RT, qSTAR amplification, Home Collection, Screening, Pooling, Single Target, Real-Time RT-PCR, Pooling, Screening, Pooled Serial Screening - Swab, Multiple Targets, RT-PCR, chip array and MALDI-TOF Mass Spec, Multiple Targets, Prescription Home Testing, Multiple Targets, Express Gene LLC, DBA: Express Gene Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Real-time RT-PCR, Collection Kit, Saliva, Multiple Targets, Stanford Health Care Clinical Virology Laboratory, Laboratory Corporation of America (LabCorp), Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Pooling, Screening, Multiple Targets, RCA Laboratory Services LLC dba GENETWORx, ResearchDx, Inc., DBA Pacific Diagnostics, Real-time TMA, chemiluminescent, Multi-analyte, Multiple Targets, Isothermal Reverse Transcriptase - Helicase-Dependent Amplification (RT-HDA), Single Target, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, INNO Diagnostics Reference Laboratory, Ponce Medical School, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Screening, Multiple Targets, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Screening, Single Target, University of Illinois Office of the Vice President for Economic Development and Innovation, Real-time RT-PCR, Saliva, Serial Screening, Home Collection, Pooling, Multiple Targets, RT, Isothermal amplification, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Screening, Single Target, Clinical Research Sequencing Platform (CRSP), LLC at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Pooled Serial Screening - Swab, Multiple Targets, Direct to Consumer (DTC), RT, LAMP, Home Collection, Screening, Multiple Targets, STS Lab Holdco (a subsidiary of Amazon.com Services LLC), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Pooling, Screening, Single Target, University of Louisville Infectious Diseases Laboratory, RT, LAMP, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Screening, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Screening, Pooled Serial Screening - Swab, Multiple Targets, Real-Time and End-Point RT-PCR, Multiple Targets, Synergy Diagnostic Laboratory, Inc., DBA SynergyDx, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Real-Time RT-PCR, Saliva, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, RT-PCR, DNA Microarray Hybridization, Multiple Targets, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Home Collection Kit, Saliva, Screening, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Screening, Salvia, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, Harvard University Clinical Laboratory (HUCL), Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Saliva Screening, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Multi-analyte, Home Collection, Single Target, Real-time RT-PCR, Screening, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, Life Technologies Corporation (a part of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Screening, Single Target, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Multiple Targets, Screening, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Home Collection Kit, Screening, Direct to Consumer (DTC), Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Pooling, Multiple Targets, Screening, Real-time RT-PCR, Home Collection, Multi-analyte, Multiple Targets, RT-LAMP, Serial Screening, Multiple Targets, Real-time RT-PCR, Quantitative, Multiple Targets, RT, Non-isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification qSTAR, Multi-analyte, Single Target, ADL Diagnostics, Inc., dba Anavasi Diagnostics, The HFI Laboratory at Boston University (dba the BU Clinical Testing Laboratory), RT, LAMP, Over the Counter (OTC) Home Testing, Multi-analyte, Multiple Targets, Clinical Enterprise SARS-SoV-2-RT-PCR Assay, Helix Diagnostics SARS nCoV-2019 Multiplexed Assay, Rize Laboratory SARS nCoV-2019 Multiplexed Assay, Scope Molecular Laboratory SARS nCoV-2019 Multiplexed Assay, Infectious Disease Diagnostics Laboratory - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Hackensack University Medical Center (HUMC) Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Southwest Regional PCR Laboratory LLC. 263a, that meet requirements to perform moderate complexity tests. The FDA has updated expiration dates for those tests. You can read more about the individual types of tests, safety communications and how to interpret your test results at the links below: The FDA encourages health care professionals and patients to report adverse events or side effects as well as performance issues related to the use of COVID-19 tests or other medical products to the FDAs MedWatch Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program: Subscribe to receive FDA Consumer Update email notifications. there are additional considerations if administering a COVID-19 vaccine. Diagnostic tests can show if you currently are infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Tests Used In Clinical Care, Recalls, Market Withdrawals and Safety Alerts, Safety Issue on Magellan Diagnostics LeadCare Testing Systems, enter a search term (for example the type of test, name, company, or other key word) in the blank space, review the listing of products that match your search term, select any products for additional information (including Decision Summaries). This means you collect your own sample, perform the test, and read the result yourself without the need to send a sample to a laboratory. 1 Authorized settings include the following: 2 Authorization Documents include the Healthcare Provider (HCP) and Patient Fact Sheets and either the Manufacture Instructions/Package Insert (abbreviated to IFU) or the EUA Summary. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. Most authorized at-home OTC COVID-19 tests are antigen tests, and there. . People with symptoms that began within the last 7 days. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has granted a right of reference to the performance data contained in CDC's EUA request (FDA submission number EUA200001) to any entity seeking an FDA EUA for a COVID-19 diagnostic device. Diagnostic tests can show if you have an active COVID-19 infection. US Navy mulls adding info warfare specialists on more submarines. Qualitative detection of RNA from SARS-CoV-2 in individual human anterior nasal swabs or pooled samples containing aliquots of media from up to [3, 5, or 10, depending on the applicable appendix] individual human anterior nasal swab specimens that were collected by a healthcare provider (HCP) or self-collected under the supervision of an HCP from individuals, including individuals without symptoms or other reasons to suspect COVID-19 and placed in individual vials when tested at least once per week. On April 28, 2020, FDA issued an umbrella EUA for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Tests (Lateral flow or Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests) that have been evaluated in an independent validation study performed at the National Institutes of Health's (NIH) National Cancer Institute (NCI), or by another government agency designated by the FDA, and are confirmed by the FDA to meet the criteria set forth in the Scope of Authorization of the EUA. "COVID-19 is characterized by high levels of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Understanding COVID-19 tests, including the different types of tests and their uses, and the types of samples the tests use, is key to making an informed decision that meets your needs. The templates provide information and recommendations, and we plan to update them as appropriate as we learn more about the COVID-19 disease and gain experience with the EUA process for the various types of COVID-19 tests. COVID-19 Tests and Collection Kits Authorized by the FDA. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Steven Collins Obituary, 50 Weapons Of Spiritual Warfare With Biblical Reference, News Talk Radio Stations, Does Sexual Exploitation Follow A Predictable Pattern, List Of Holiday Companies That Have Gone Bust, Articles L